Thermodynamics

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, then those […]

Van der Waals Equation The Van der Waals equation is a state equation that characterises the behaviour of actual gases,

The third law of thermodynamics asserts that when temperature nears absolute zero, the entropy of a system converges to a

In Spontaneous and Non-Spontaneous Reactions process that occurs autonomously, transitioning from a nonequilibrium condition to an equilibrium state, is referred

In an isolated system, the second rule of thermodynamics states that entropy perpetually grows. Any isolated system naturally evolves towards

According to the first rule of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it may be transformed from one

Arrhenius Equation The Arrhenius equation explains how the rate of a chemical reaction depends on temperature and activation energy. It

Fugacity and activity explained with clear concepts, definitions, and significance in thermodynamics and chemical engineering. This guide covers their roles

Gibbs equation explained with clear concepts, derivation, and applications in thermodynamics. This guide covers relationships between entropy, enthalpy, temperature, and

Equilibrium Constant & Entropy & Free Energy Understanding the spontaneity of a chemical system requires looking at the universe as